Cluster Formation and Cluster Head Selection approach for Vehicle Ad-Hoc Network (VANETs) using K-Means and Floyd-Warshall Technique

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANETs) is the specific form of Mobile ad-hoc networking (MANETs) in which high dynamic nodes are utilized in carrying out the operations. They are mainly used in urban areas for safety traveling. Clustering algorithms are used for clustering the vehicles that are in the range of the network as VANET consists of a great amount of traffic. A clustering head node is used specified through a procedure to collect all information from the surroundings. This study introduced a new method for cluster head selection by using the K-Mean and Floyd-Warshall algorithms. The proposed technique first divided the points for vehicle groups while the Floyd-Warshall algorithm calculated all pairs of shortest distance for every vehicle within the defined cluster. A vehicle with the smallest average distance among a cluster is chosen as the cluster head. The Floyd-Warshall algorithm overall selects a centralized vehicle as a cluster head, hence its stability time will improve significantly. Keywords—Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANETs); Mobile adhoc networking (MANETs); K-Mean; clustering; cluster head selection; Floyd-Warshall